Use and maintenance of elevator wire ropes

Use and maintenance of elevator wire ropes
 
Wire rope is a load-bearing element in the elevator, almost bear the full weight of the elevator, the quality of the wire rope will directly affect the safety of the elevator and sex or not. In elevator operation, wire ropes bend one-way or interchangeable around the steering wheel, guide wheel, and back rope wheel. The wire rope also bears a higher pressure in the rope groove. Therefore, the elevator wire rope is required to have a high strength, flexibility and wear resistance. And the disrepair of the elevator, wire rope repair and replacement has become a top priority. Let's take a look at how elevator wire ropes are chosen. /b10> For the elevator to choose the right wire rope, first of all, identify the sign, according to its logo to distinguish what type of wire rope is suitable for what kind of elevator. TThe marking of the wire rope usually indicates the diameter of the wire rope, the structure of the wire rope, the structure of the rope core, the level of the wire rope, the surface state of the wire, the type and direction of the thread. The wire rope consists of rope strands, rope strands, wire and rope cores. Elevator wire rope is made of a single rope strand spiralling around the rope core. FFor safety, elevator wire ropes are limited to a special or no. 1 wire with a wire diameter limit of 0.3to1.3mm.  For safety reasons, elevator wire ropes are usually made of special or No. 1 wire, and wire diameters are generally limited to 0.3to1.3mm.  Elevator wire rope rope core are selected oil-soaked fiber rope core, rope core support and fixed rope stock position to improve the contact between rope wire, reduce impact load, oil storage tank action for long-term lubrication of wire rope oil source, so that the wire lubrication is good. < 1.  rope The safety factor of elevator depends in part on the safety factor of traction wire rope. There are two kinds of static loads in the work of wire rope, but the main factor affecting the service life of wire rope is static load, in order to simplify the calculation, only static load for practical calculation. /b116> First of all, the choice of wire rope diameter is very important. In order to improve the strength of elevator wire rope, extend the service life The diameter of the wire rope must choose the most suitable size. Secondly, for the calculation of safety factor, it is also the most important step to select wire rope. The corresponding safety factor is calculated by the approved standard of the state, and the safety performance of the elevator wire rope is weighed in second order. /b118> 2.  rope The use and maintenance of wire rope is the effective maintenance of elevator wire rope after the elevator installation is complete.
 
 First, the wire rope should be checked in a timely manner.  Elevator wire rope in a situation directly related to the safety of equipment and passengers, must cause sufficient attention, work should be carefully observed and carefully checked, its inspection content: (1)check the number ofroots, parts and distance of broken wire; (2) wire rope diameterfinening, in addition to visual inspection, regular use of cursor caliper to measure rope diameter and wear;  (3) check the tension of elevator wire rope, the differencebetween the rope tension should not exceed 5%; (4 opes; (5)the rope head and its combination, the length of the other abnormal conditions, such as abnormal elongation changes in the rope.
 
Second, timely detection of wire rope wear and deformation to identify whether the need to replace wire rope. Because elevator wire rope in normal operating conditions suddenly break the phenomenon is rare, its damage is generally in the long-term operation due to wear, bend fatigue, rust or trauma gradually formed. Special attention should therefore be paid to the inspection of wear and rust. Wear includes wear between wire rope surfaces, between strands, and between wires and wires. According to experience, elevator wire rope in the presence of internal broken wire, elevator wire rope in operation can hear the "click" sound.
 
Third, the situation of wire rope lying in the rope groove. Check that the working surface of the rope groove is smooth and that the depth at which the elevator wire rope is lying in the rope groove is consistent. The method is to close the ruler to the outer round face of the traction wheel along the axis, and then measure the distance from the wire rope vertex in the groove to the ruler. When the gap reaches 1.5mm, the weight should be heavy or the rim should be changed. /b12> Check that the elevator wire rope has fallen and slipped in the rope groove, and that the rope groove needs to be re-turned when the gap between the rope rope and the bottom of the groove is reduced to 1mm.  The rim thickness of the rope groove under the cut should not be less than 12.5mm when the diameter of the wire rope is 13mm; /b18> When the wire rope diameter is 16mm, it should be no less than 15.5mm.
 
Fourth, the rust of elevator wire rope. Elevator wire rope in the process of use will be rusty, reduced mechanical performance, wire diameter thinning, loosening between the strands, resulting in brittle fracture. This break is an "avalanche-style" break that is more dangerous than normal broken wire or wear. In the maintenance of any encounter wire rope corrosion in particular to pay attention to, should be carefully observed, such as the discovery of serious corrosion has formed a hemp pit or rope strand outer wire loose phenomenon, regardless of the wire break or rope diameter thinning should be replaced;  The way to prevent corrosion of the wire rope is to apply oil protection to the rope.
 
Fifth, the analysis of broken wire.
 
(1) Overloaded broken wire. Elevator wire rope to bear overload load or impact load caused by the broken port presents cup-shaped plastic shrinkage, because of the elevator wire rope safety factor is large, this kind of broken wire is rare;
 
(2)Fatigue breaks out. The outer wire that appears on the largest side of the bending procedure of the strand, the broken wire caused by metal fatigue, and the break shape is flush.
 
(3)Wear and tear broken wire. The friction slip between the wire rope and the traction wheel is caused by the friction, this kind of broken wire is extremely serious in the wire wear and occurs in the outer layer of the wire, the break is oblique on both sides, the break is flat;
 
The control mode is when there are passengers, run at rated speed, run at substitute speed when there are no passengers, and automatically resume to rated speed when passengers arrive, this control mode, empty load can save about 30.
 
(4) Rust broken wire. The rust is seriously produced. The break is not neat and is brazing sharp;
 
(5) Cut the wire. Caused by a hard pull or by a large external force, squeezing. The break is cut;
 
(6)Twisted wire. This kind of broken wire is rare in normal use, only if the wire rope appears loose and causes kinks. The break shape is flat and smooth.
 
Sixth, the scrapping replacement of the wire rope
 
(1) Although the surfaceof the wire has not been damaged, but the number of broken wire roots to the corresponding number in the table should be scrapped;
 
(2) Whenthe surface of the wire is worn or corroded for 30% of the diameter, it should be scrapped even if the number of wire breaks is 0;
 
(3) the percentage of surface wear has been reached, and the corresponding number of broken wire has not reached the non-retirement;
 
(4) Elevator steel wire rope should be scrapped if there is a break in the stock;
 
(5) When the elevator wire rope is homage, the number of broken roots of the elevator wire allowed is half of the value in the table
 
(6) Pitch estimate: Generally 6.5 times the rope diameter as a pitch, such as 8X(19) Xilu wire rope 8 strandsof16mm of the pitch is about 6.5×16mm
 
(7) A 10% reduction in the diameter of the elevator wire rope should be scrapped.
 
(8) Elevator wire rope surface has serious rust, blackening, spots, hemp pits and outer wire loose, must be replaced immediately;
 
(9) When replacing elevator wire rope, each elevator wire rope in the same group should be replaced together;
 
(10) In use, if the internal lubricant is found to be squeezed out like sweating phenomenon, indicating that the elevator wire rope has reached overload status, the occurrence of this phenomenon to be checked immediately, to find out the reason if necessary to replace the new rope;
 
(11) Keep the elevator wire rope clean, if found on the surface of sand and other dirt, apply kerosene wipe clean (no gasoline);
 
(12) For wire ropes with varying diameters, the number of wire breaks refers to the number of wire breaks, a thick wire is equivalent to 1.7 thin wires.
 
3. Lubrication of the wire rope
 
The lubrication of the wire rope can effectively reduce the friction of the wire rope, thus extending the service life of the wire rope. In general, in places where the traction wheel has a large diameter and dry temperature, the wire rope still has enough lubricant to use itself for 3to5 years without the need to add new oil. However, no matter how long it takes, oil must be added whenever signs of rust or dryness are found on the elevator wire rope.